Random

Fixed-point logic with counting ★★

Author(s): Blass

Question   Can either of the following be expressed in fixed-point logic plus counting:
    \item Given a graph, does it have a perfect matching, i.e., a set $ M $ of edges such that every vertex is incident to exactly one edge from $ M $? \item Given a square matrix over a finite field (regarded as a structure in the natural way, as described in [BGS02]), what is its determinant?

Keywords: Capturing PTime; counting quantifiers; Fixed-point logic; FMT03-Bedlewo

Burnside problem ★★★★

Author(s): Burnside

Conjecture   If a group has $ r $ generators and exponent $ n $, is it necessarily finite?

Keywords:

Covering powers of cycles with equivalence subgraphs

Author(s):

Conjecture   Given $ k $ and $ n $, the graph $ C_{n}^k $ has equivalence covering number $ \Omega(k) $.

Keywords:

2-colouring a graph without a monochromatic maximum clique ★★

Author(s): Hoang; McDiarmid

Conjecture   If $ G $ is a non-empty graph containing no induced odd cycle of length at least $ 5 $, then there is a $ 2 $-vertex colouring of $ G $ in which no maximum clique is monochromatic.

Keywords: maximum clique; Partitioning

r-regular graphs are not uniquely hamiltonian. ★★★

Author(s): Sheehan

Conjecture   If $ G $ is a finite $ r $-regular graph, where $ r > 2 $, then $ G $ is not uniquely hamiltonian.

Keywords: hamiltonian; regular; uniquely hamiltonian

Exponential Algorithms for Knapsack ★★

Author(s): Lipton

Conjecture  

The famous 0-1 Knapsack problem is: Given $ a_{1},a_{2},\dots,a_{n} $ and $ b $ integers, determine whether or not there are $ 0-1 $ values $ x_{1},x_{2},\dots,x_{n} $ so that $$ \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{i}x_{i} = b.$$ The best known worst-case algorithm runs in time $ 2^{n/2} $ times a polynomial in $ n $. Is there an algorithm that runs in time $ 2^{n/3} $?

Keywords: Algorithm construction; Exponential-time algorithm; Knapsack

Lucas Numbers Modulo m ★★

Author(s):

Conjecture   The sequence {L(n) mod m}, where L(n) are the Lucas numbers, contains a complete residue system modulo m if and only if m is one of the following: 2, 4, 6, 7, 14, 3^k, k >=1.

Keywords: Lucas numbers

War Thunder Unlimited Golden Eagles Cheats Generator 2024 (fresh strategy) ★★

Author(s):

War Thunder Unlimited Golden Eagles Cheats Generator 2024 (fresh strategy)

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Every prism over a 3-connected planar graph is hamiltonian. ★★

Author(s): Kaiser; Král; Rosenfeld; Ryjácek; Voss

Conjecture   If $ G $ is a $ 3 $-connected planar graph, then $ G\square K_2 $ has a Hamilton cycle.

Keywords:

Ryser's conjecture ★★★

Author(s): Ryser

Conjecture   Let $ H $ be an $ r $-uniform $ r $-partite hypergraph. If $ \nu $ is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint edges in $ H $, and $ \tau $ is the size of the smallest set of vertices which meets every edge, then $ \tau \le (r-1) \nu $.

Keywords: hypergraph; matching; packing

PTAS for feedback arc set in tournaments ★★

Author(s): Ailon; Alon

Question   Is there a polynomial time approximation scheme for the feedback arc set problem for the class of tournaments?

Keywords: feedback arc set; PTAS; tournament

Toon Blast Cheats Generator Android Ios 2024 Cheats Generator (improved version) ★★

Author(s):

Toon Blast Cheats Generator Android Ios 2024 Cheats Generator (improved version)

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Quartic rationally derived polynomials ★★★

Author(s): Buchholz; MacDougall

Call a polynomial $ p \in {\mathbb Q}[x] $ rationally derived if all roots of $ p $ and the nonzero derivatives of $ p $ are rational.

Conjecture   There does not exist a quartic rationally derived polynomial $ p \in {\mathbb Q}[x] $ with four distinct roots.

Keywords: derivative; diophantine; elliptic; polynomial

Counting 3-colorings of the hex lattice ★★

Author(s): Thomassen

Problem   Find $ \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} (\chi( H_n , 3)) ^{ 1 / |V(H_n)| } $.

Keywords: coloring; Lieb's Ice Constant; tiling; torus

Marvel Strike Force Cheats Generator Android Ios 2024 Cheats Generator (improved version) ★★

Author(s):

Marvel Strike Force Cheats Generator Android Ios 2024 Cheats Generator (improved version)

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The Sims Mobile Cheats Generator 2024 New Working Cheats Generator (New Method) ★★

Author(s):

The Sims Mobile Cheats Generator 2024 New Working Cheats Generator (New Method)

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Coloring the union of degenerate graphs ★★

Author(s): Tarsi

Conjecture   The union of a $ 1 $-degenerate graph (a forest) and a $ 2 $-degenerate graph is $ 5 $-colourable.

Keywords:

Davenport's constant ★★★

Author(s):

For a finite (additive) abelian group $ G $, the Davenport constant of $ G $, denoted $ s(G) $, is the smallest integer $ t $ so that every sequence of elements of $ G $ with length $ \ge t $ has a nontrivial subsequence which sums to zero.

Conjecture   $ s( {\mathbb Z}_n^d) = d(n-1) + 1 $

Keywords: Davenport constant; subsequence sum; zero sum

World of Warships Cheats Generator Free Strategy 2024 (The Legit Method) ★★

Author(s):

World of Warships Cheats Generator Free Strategy 2024 (The Legit Method)

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A gold-grabbing game ★★

Author(s): Rosenfeld

Setup Fix a tree $ T $ and for every vertex $ v \in V(T) $ a non-negative integer $ g(v) $ which we think of as the amount of gold at $ v $.

2-Player game Players alternate turns. On each turn, a player chooses a leaf vertex $ v $ of the tree, takes the gold at this vertex, and then deletes $ v $. The game ends when the tree is empty, and the winner is the player who has accumulated the most gold.

Problem   Find optimal strategies for the players.

Keywords: game; tree

3 is a primitive root modulo primes of the form 16 q^4 + 1, where q>3 is prime ★★

Author(s):

Conjecture   $ 3~ $ is a primitive root modulo $ ~p $ for all primes $ ~p=16\cdot q^4+1 $, where $ ~q>3 $ is prime.

Keywords:

Unfriendly partitions ★★★

Author(s): Cowan; Emerson

If $ G $ is a graph, we say that a partition of $ V(G) $ is unfriendly if every vertex has at least as many neighbors in the other classes as in its own.

Problem   Does every countably infinite graph have an unfriendly partition into two sets?

Keywords: coloring; infinite graph; partition

The Crossing Number of the Hypercube ★★

Author(s): Erdos; Guy

The crossing number $ cr(G) $ of $ G $ is the minimum number of crossings in all drawings of $ G $ in the plane.

The $ d $-dimensional (hyper)cube $ Q_d $ is the graph whose vertices are all binary sequences of length $ d $, and two of the sequences are adjacent in $ Q_d $ if they differ in precisely one coordinate.

Conjecture   $ \displaystyle \lim  \frac{cr(Q_d)}{4^d} = \frac{5}{32} $

Keywords: crossing number; hypercube

Which homology 3-spheres bound homology 4-balls? ★★★★

Author(s): Ancient/folklore

Problem   Is there a complete and computable set of invariants that can determine which (rational) homology $ 3 $-spheres bound (rational) homology $ 4 $-balls?

Keywords: cobordism; homology ball; homology sphere

Hungry Shark Evolution Cheats Generator IOS Android No Survey 2024 (Generator!) ★★

Author(s):

Hungry Shark Evolution Cheats Generator IOS Android No Survey 2024 (Generator!)

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eFootball 2023 Cheats Generator IOS Android No Verification 2024 (NEW STRATEGY) ★★

Author(s):

eFootball 2023 Cheats Generator IOS Android No Verification 2024 (NEW STRATEGY)

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Call Of Duty Mobile Cheats Generator 2024 (LEGIT) ★★

Author(s):

Call Of Duty Mobile Cheats Generator 2024 (LEGIT)

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Faithful cycle covers ★★★

Author(s): Seymour

Conjecture   If $ G = (V,E) $ is a graph, $ p : E \rightarrow {\mathbb Z} $ is admissable, and $ p(e) $ is even for every $ e \in E(G) $, then $ (G,p) $ has a faithful cover.

Keywords: cover; cycle

Decomposing k-arc-strong tournament into k spanning strong digraphs ★★

Author(s): Bang-Jensen; Yeo

Conjecture   Every k-arc-strong tournament decomposes into k spanning strong digraphs.

Keywords:

Coin Master Spins Coins Cheats 2024 No Human Verification (Real) ★★

Author(s):

Coin Master Spins Coins Cheats 2024 No Human Verification (Real)

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Genshin Impact Cheats Generator 2023-2024 Edition Hack (NEW-FREE!!) ★★

Author(s):

Genshin Impact Cheats Generator 2023-2024 Edition Hack (NEW-FREE!!)

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Bingo Blitz Cheats Generator Free Unlimited Cheats Generator (LATEST VERSION) ★★

Author(s):

Bingo Blitz Cheats Generator Free Unlimited Cheats Generator (LATEST VERSION)

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Kriesell's Conjecture ★★

Author(s): Kriesell

Conjecture   Let $ G $ be a graph and let $ T\subseteq V(G) $ such that for any pair $ u,v\in T $ there are $ 2k $ edge-disjoint paths from $ u $ to $ v $ in $ G $. Then $ G $ contains $ k $ edge-disjoint trees, each of which contains $ T $.

Keywords: Disjoint paths; edge-connectivity; spanning trees

Fishdom Cheats Generator Cheats Generator 2023-2024 (Free!!) ★★

Author(s):

Fishdom Cheats Generator Cheats Generator 2023-2024 (Free!!)

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5-local-tensions ★★

Author(s): DeVos

Conjecture   There exists a fixed constant $ c $ (probably $ c=4 $ suffices) so that every embedded (loopless) graph with edge-width $ \ge c $ has a 5-local-tension.

Keywords: coloring; surface; tension

Idle Miner Tycoon Cheats Generator 2023-2024 (No Human Verification) ★★

Author(s):

Idle Miner Tycoon Cheats Generator 2023-2024 (No Human Verification)

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Colouring the square of a planar graph ★★

Author(s): Wegner

Conjecture   Let $ G $ be a planar graph of maximum degree $ \Delta $. The chromatic number of its square is
    \item at most $ 7 $ if $ \Delta =3 $, \item at most $ \Delta+5 $ if $ 4\leq\Delta\leq 7 $, \item at most $ \left\lfloor\frac32\,\Delta\right\rfloor+1 $ if $ \Delta\ge8 $.

Keywords:

Melnikov's valency-variety problem

Author(s): Melnikov

Problem   The valency-variety $ w(G) $ of a graph $ G $ is the number of different degrees in $ G $. Is the chromatic number of any graph $ G $ with at least two vertices greater than $$\ceil{ \frac{\floor{w(G)/2}}{|V(G)| - w(G)} } ~ ?$$

Keywords:

Characterizing (aleph_0,aleph_1)-graphs ★★★

Author(s): Diestel; Leader

Call a graph an $ (\aleph_0,\aleph_1) $-graph if it has a bipartition $ (A,B) $ so that every vertex in $ A $ has degree $ \aleph_0 $ and every vertex in $ B $ has degree $ \aleph_1 $.

Problem   Characterize the $ (\aleph_0,\aleph_1) $-graphs.

Keywords: binary tree; infinite graph; normal spanning tree; set theory

Star chromatic index of cubic graphs ★★

Author(s): Dvorak; Mohar; Samal

The star chromatic index $ \chi_s'(G) $ of a graph $ G $ is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of the graph so that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored.

Question   Is it true that for every (sub)cubic graph $ G $, we have $ \chi_s'(G) \le 6 $?

Keywords: edge coloring; star coloring

Royal Match Free Coins Cheats 2024 Real Working New Method ★★

Author(s):

Royal Match Free Coins Cheats 2024 Real Working New Method

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Free Hollywood Story Free Diamonds Gems Cheats 2024 (Safe) ★★

Author(s):

Free Hollywood Story Free Diamonds Gems Cheats 2024 (Safe)

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Question about 'solving' something ★★

Author(s):

Conjecture  

Keywords:

Circular choosability of planar graphs

Author(s): Mohar

Let $ G = (V, E) $ be a graph. If $ p $ and $ q $ are two integers, a $ (p,q) $-colouring of $ G $ is a function $ c $ from $ V $ to $ \{0,\dots,p-1\} $ such that $ q \le |c(u)-c(v)| \le p-q $ for each edge $ uv\in E $. Given a list assignment $ L $ of $ G $, i.e.~a mapping that assigns to every vertex $ v $ a set of non-negative integers, an $ L $-colouring of $ G $ is a mapping $ c : V \to N $ such that $ c(v)\in L(v) $ for every $ v\in V $. A list assignment $ L $ is a $ t $-$ (p,q) $-list-assignment if $ L(v) \subseteq \{0,\dots,p-1\} $ and $ |L(v)| \ge tq $ for each vertex $ v \in V $ . Given such a list assignment $ L $, the graph G is $ (p,q) $-$ L $-colourable if there exists a $ (p,q) $-$ L $-colouring $ c $, i.e. $ c $ is both a $ (p,q) $-colouring and an $ L $-colouring. For any real number $ t \ge 1 $, the graph $ G $ is $ t $-$ (p,q) $-choosable if it is $ (p,q) $-$ L $-colourable for every $ t $-$ (p,q) $-list-assignment $ L $. Last, $ G $ is circularly $ t $-choosable if it is $ t $-$ (p,q) $-choosable for any $ p $, $ q $. The circular choosability (or circular list chromatic number or circular choice number) of G is $$cch(G) := \inf\{t \ge 1 : G \text{ is circularly $t$-choosable}\}.$$

Problem   What is the best upper bound on circular choosability for planar graphs?

Keywords: choosability; circular colouring; planar graphs

Highly arc transitive two ended digraphs ★★

Author(s): Cameron; Praeger; Wormald

Conjecture   If $ G $ is a highly arc transitive digraph with two ends, then every tile of $ G $ is a disjoint union of complete bipartite graphs.

Keywords: arc transitive; digraph; infinite graph

Family Island Cheats Generator Pro Apk (Android Ios) ★★

Author(s):

Family Island Cheats Generator Pro Apk (Android Ios)

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Frankl's union-closed sets conjecture ★★

Author(s): Frankl

Conjecture   Let $ F $ be a finite family of finite sets, not all empty, that is closed under taking unions. Then there exists $ x $ such that $ x $ is an element of at least half the members of $ F $.

Keywords:

List colorings of edge-critical graphs ★★

Author(s): Mohar

Conjecture   Suppose that $ G $ is a $ \Delta $-edge-critical graph. Suppose that for each edge $ e $ of $ G $, there is a list $ L(e) $ of $ \Delta $ colors. Then $ G $ is $ L $-edge-colorable unless all lists are equal to each other.

Keywords: edge-coloring; list coloring

Packing T-joins ★★

Author(s): DeVos

Conjecture   There exists a fixed constant $ c $ (probably $ c=1 $ suffices) so that every graft with minimum $ T $-cut size at least $ k $ contains a $ T $-join packing of size at least $ (2/3)k-c $.

Keywords: packing; T-join

Friendly partitions ★★

Author(s): DeVos

A friendly partition of a graph is a partition of the vertices into two sets so that every vertex has at least as many neighbours in its own class as in the other.

Problem   Is it true that for every $ r $, all but finitely many $ r $-regular graphs have friendly partitions?

Keywords: edge-cut; partition; regular